Importance of ethics and values in Islamic Civilization

Ethics and values are the moral or spiritual aspect of the Islamic civilization. They are also the essence and basis for any civilization. In the meantime, they ensure the secret of their survival and resilience throughout the history and generations. If this aspect disappears one day, man will lose his moral warmth, which is the spirit of life and existence; mercy will quit his heart; his conscience will not be able to play its role; he will no longer know the truth of his existence and himself; and he will be bound with material restrictions, from which he cannot escape.
Islam treats man with honour and esteem out of Allah›s saying: {We have honoured the sons of Adam; provided them with transport on land and sea; given them for sustenance things good and pure; and conferred on them special favours, above a great part of our creation.}[Al-Isra: 70]. This view gives special characteristics and features for human rights in Islam. The most important feature is the comprehensiveness of these rights. These rights include political, economic, social and intellectual rights. They are also common for Muslims and non-Muslims without distinction between colours, races or languages. They are not subject to cancellation or change, as they are linked to the teachings of the Lord of the worlds.
The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) reported this in his farewell address, which was a comprehensive report on human rights, as he said: «… No doubt, your blood and your properties are sacred to one another like the sanctity of this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this town of yours, till the day you meet your Lord..[2]». This prophetic address asserted a set of rights, the most important of which is the sanctity of blood, money, honor, and others.
The Prophet (S) also magnified the human psyche in general, preserving its greatest right, namely the right to life. Asked about great sins, he (peace be upon him) said: «Polytheism and killing a soul…[3]». The word soul was generalized to include any soul killed without right.

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